What is the key difference between Ingress Controller and Load Balancer?

An Ingress Controller operates at Layer 7 (the application layer) to manage HTTP/S routing, while a Load Balancer works at Layer 4 (the transport layer) to distribute network traffic. Their functions differ in scope and use case within Kubernetes.

Is Ingress Controller a type of Load Balancer?

Not exactly. While an Ingress Controller can perform load balancing for HTTP traffic, it is primarily designed for advanced routing and traffic management. A traditional Load Balancer, on the other hand, distributes traffic at the network level without application-layer intelligence.

When should I use a Load Balancer in Kubernetes?

Use a Load Balancer when you need to expose a single service externally with minimal configuration. It’s ideal for simple apps or services requiring TCP/UDP access rather than HTTP.

When is Ingress Controller a better choice?

Ingress Controllers are best for complex applications with multiple HTTP services that require routing based on hostnames or URL paths. They allow centralized traffic control and are more scalable.

Can both Ingress and Load Balancer work together?

Yes, and they often do. The Load Balancer provides an external IP, and the Ingress Controller manages internal routing. Together, they create a layered architecture for flexible traffic management.

What is cheaper: a Load Balancer or an Ingress Controller?

Ingress Controllers are generally more cost-effective since multiple services can share one external IP. Load Balancers often incur higher cloud costs, primarily when used on a per-service basis.